Showing posts with label #victorianromance. Show all posts
Showing posts with label #victorianromance. Show all posts

Thursday, November 5, 2020

Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles by Kristin Holt

 


Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles

by Kristin Holt
USA Today Bestselling Author
of Sweet Romance Set in the American Old West

 

Today we think of trikes/tricycles as a child’s first bike. Or perhaps for older folks. So put on your nineteenth-century spectacles and explore this cycling boom through Victorian eyes.

 

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles: The Prince of Wales has ordered a Coventry tricycle for the use of one of his daughters. From The Fall River Daily Herald of Fall River, Mass. January 25, 1882.


CYCLING

 

Bicycles caught on in a huge way in the United Kingdom, and the sport quickly followed in the United States. Cycling may have originated with wealthy young (and athletic) men but adaptations for women soon followed.

 

NOT JUST FOR KIDS

 

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles: Smartly Dressed Couple on Tricycle (an 1886-model built for two); courtesy of U.S. National Archives; unrestricted use.
Smartly dressed couple seated on an 1886-model bicycle for two. U.S. National Archives; unrestricted use.


Four-wheel bicycles called quadracycles emerged as a “sociable” vehicle, allowing a couple and chaperone to ride the same conveyance. As numerous developments followed in rapid succession (on both sides of the pond), all kinds of advancements in style, functionality, method of propulsion, and configuration of seats ensued. Some of these developments led to a stable three-wheeled bicycle named the tricycle.

 

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles: The "Coventry" Convertible Sociable Tricycle Ad from The Graphic, A Weekly Illustrated Newspaper of London, England on May 6, 1882.
Note this illustrated ad shows how the Coventry Convertible Sociable becomes a conveyance for one.


Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles: Advertisement for American-made and English-made bicycles and tricycles, from The Daily Union-Leader of Wilkes-Barre, Penn. on July 23, 1883.
American and English Bicycles and Tricycles for sale in the United States, 1883.


Tricycles were seen as ladylike and fashionable both in Europe and the Victorian-era United States. Women could take outdoor, fresh-air exercise (even in their corsets) and did so with increasing fervor.

 

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles: The Tricycle as a Means of Exercise for Women, (1 of 2) from Kingman Morning News of Kingman, Kansas on June 8, 1887.

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles: The Tricycle as a Means of Exercise for Women, (2 of 2) from Kingman Morning News of Kingman, Kansas on June 8, 1887.

As the mid-nineteenth century gave birth to the safety bicycle, the decade of the 1880s saw the rise of the proper lady’s tricycle. Note the following reports of respectable women out on their own, buzzing around town on their tricycles.

 

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles. From Topeka Daily Capital of Topeka, Kansas on August 25, 1885. Two snippets explaining women who drive tricycles on professional rounds or for exercise and enjoyment.
Respectable women ride tricycles anywhere and everywhere.


Despite ladylike styles of tricycles, men rode them too. In fact, men raced tricycles!

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles. From Star Tribune of Minneapolis MN on October 2, 1887; "tricycle racing growing in vogue and veteran bicyclists are the most enthusiastic tricyclists."

POPULARITY

Midst races upon safety bicycles, other purposes emerged. United States Patents for advancements upon various elements of bicycles/tricycles explain that the tricycle was developed for slower rates of speed than racing bicycles. With three legged stool-like stability, ladies’ tricycles allowed them to sit, steer, pedal, and hold on in a manner fitting their gender.

 

Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles. Artist's rendition of Victorian woman on tricycle, via Pinterest.
Victorian woman on tricycle. From Pinterest.

Women found increasing freedom as they took to the wheel. Women rode bicycles (usually safety bicycles) and tricycles, finding the exercise and ease of movement to be a newfound kind of liberty.



Kristin Holt | Victorian Ladies Ride Tricycles. From CYCLING by Viscount Bury KCMG and G. Lacy Miller, 2nd Edition, 1876: etching of two women riding ticycles and labeled "Women's Rights."


As the decades passed, bicycles became more readily available, and affordable by those not of the wealthy upper classes.

I've had a wonderful time exploring the joy of cycling among our nineteenth century forebears. Please see the list of related articles, below, for far more information.


INVITATION

Have you read an enjoyable book set in the nineteenth century where bicycles of any kind play a role? Please scroll down and share in the comments.

 

RELATED ARTICLES

 Kristin Holt | Women on Bicycles

Kristin Holt | Victorian Bicycling Etiquette

Kristin Holt | Bicycle Built for Two

Kristin Holt | Victorians Race on foot, on bicycles, in wheelbarrows

Kristin Holt | Victorian Cooking: The Sifter- An American Victorian Invention

Kristin Holt | Potato Chips in the Old West

Kristin Holt | Screen Doors: A New Invention!

Kristin Holt | Victorian Lawn Mowers

Kristin Holt | Telephones for Sale by Sears Roebuck

Kristin Holt | Victorian Refrigerators, a.k.a. Ice Box

Kristin Holt | Indoor Plumbing in Victorian America


Copyright © 2020 Kristin Holt LC

Thursday, January 10, 2019

History of Skiing

by Shanna Hatfield

In my recently released sweet romance, The Christmas Melody, the heroine, Claire, learns how to ski from her sister-in-law. 

My own experience with skis is brief. When I was young and too stupid to know better, I begged my brother to let me try using his skis. The skis in question were an old wooden pair he'd unearthed from who knows where. There were no ski poles, just those long, heavy skis with worn leather straps to fasten around my boots.



Of course, my brother, who had great balance and was good at both ice skating and skateboarding, made it look so easy. 

He got me fastened into the skis and balanced on the edge of the big hill behind our house where we liked to go sledding. Then he gave me push and down the hill I went. My very short life flashed before my eyes and I vowed if I survived the experience, I'd never again set foot on skis. 

Which I haven't.

But Claire in my story is much more adventurous than I could ever hope to be. 

She uses the skis to get her through the woods to visit a charming little girl and the child's handsome father. 

I wanted to know more about the history of skiing, so I went on the search for more details.

The history of skiing goes back to ancient times. The oldest set of skis found to date were in Russia in a peat bog. Items recovered included the remains of wooden skis and sled runners that date to 6500 B.C.



Rock paintings in both Russia and Scandinavia confirm a history of skiing going back to 3000 B.C. By 1300 BC, Norse mythology writings include mentions of skiing.

In 1206, Norwegian military skiers known as the Birkebeiners, (named for the protective birch bark leggins they wore) carried their king's heir, a 2-year-old, to safety over the Dovre Mountains from Lillehammer to Osterdalen during a civil war uprising. This created one of the most famous legends in  backcountry skiing. Since 1932, the famed Birkebeiner race has continued along the same route from Rene to Lillehammer. The boy they saved went on to become King Haakon Haakonsson IV played an important role in Northern Europe's history.

In the early 1700s, the Great Northern War between Russians, Swedish, and Norwegians was fought primarily on skis.

By the 1800s, the design of the ski took a leap forward with the invention of the cambered ski. The cambered ski bends toward the center in a concave pattern, allowing the ski to distribute the weight of the skier more evenly across the length of the ski. Before this concept, skis were thick and heavy to keep the ski from bending and sinking in the middle. The new design made it easy to glide over snow, improved shock absorption, and ease of turning.

The first documented recreational use of skis in the US is made in 1841.  By 1861, Alpine ski racing is an organized sport in American and Norway.

American miners used skis to get around in the winter, but with the bravery inspired by a challenge (and alcohol) they began racing in the rugged remote regions of the northern Sierra Nevada mountains.

The first hickory skis were produced in Norway in the 1880s. Modern tools made it possible to shape the tough and hard wood, enabling the creation of lighter, thinner skis with better flex. The toughness of the wood resisted dings and scars from gliding over rocks. Hickory was imported at great expense from the United States. Immigrants in the upper Midwest states of America took note and soon began making skis.

Skis are used not only for fun, but for essential purposes, too, like delivering the mail as Kit Morgan mentioned in her blog post last week.


The U.S. Ski Association, the governing body of Olympic snowsports, is founded in 1905.


A man from Salburg, Austria, Rudolph Lettner, invented a steel edged ski that gave the skis a much better grip on hard snow while still allowing the wood to flex. Durability left something to be desired in the early years, but improvements came in the 1930s with the invention of three-layer laminate skis. 

The first chair-lift was installed in 1936 in Sun Valley, Idaho. The following year, an invention made by R.E.D. Clark of Cambridge, England, revolutionized the world of skis through the invention of an adhesive created to hold airplanes together. That glue changed ski construction and set the stage for metal and plastic skis. 


If you'd like to read about a charming girl who skis her way into a man's heart, check out The Christmas Melody

Excerpt:

“Where in the world did you find these?” Claire asked as Fred handed her a pair of wooden skis.

“Oh, I was helping the Nilsson family pack up the last of their things today and they had two pairs of these skis out in the barn rafters. They didn’t want to haul them to Portland, so they said I could have them. I thought you might enjoy them,” Fred said, setting two sets of skis down on the snow near the porch steps. “Have you ever used them before?”

“No, but it can’t be that hard to learn, can it?” Claire asked, studying the buckles a moment before she stepped onto the skis and bent to fasten them around her boots.

Fred stepped onto the other pair and buckled them on. “Shall we give this a whirl?”

“We shall,” Claire said with a giggle. She slid one foot forward, then the other, then suddenly everything seemed to be sliding at once and she fell over in the snow.

A shout from Fred drew her gaze to him as he tumbled into a pile of snow near the front walk.
“Are you hurt?” Fred asked as he tried to disentangle himself and get to his feet.

“I’m wonderful,” Claire said, laughing as she looked up at the blue sky above them. In a playful mood, she lobbed a snowball at Fred.

He shot one back at her and they both were laughing, still stuck in the snow with the skis twisted together when Elsa stepped outside and glanced from one of them to the other.

“What are you two doing?”

“Learning to ski?” Claire’s statement sounded more like a question and caused Fred to snicker.

“Oh, for Pete’s sake,” Elsa said, stepping back inside the house and soon returning wearing her coat, hat, scarf, and gloves. “Let me see if I remember how to do this.”


USA Today bestselling author Shanna Hatfield is a farm girl who loves to write. Her sweet historical and contemporary romances are filled with sarcasm, humor, hope, and hunky heroes. When Shanna isn’t dreaming up dreamy characters, twisting plots, or covertly hiding decadent chocolate from the other occupants of her home, she hangs out with her beloved husband, Captain Cavedweller.
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