Showing posts with label winter. Show all posts
Showing posts with label winter. Show all posts

Friday, November 5, 2021

Mincemeat: Victorian America by Kristin Holt

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian America

by Kristin Holt, USA Today Bestselling Author of
Sweet Romance set in the American Old West

This post contains affiliate links.

Mincemeat

Mincemeat pie, as known today, would be barely recognizable by King Henry V (died 1482). This English king served the meaty fermented pies at his 1413 coronation feast. A variety of meats (venison, fowl, mutton, together with their sweetbreads) were minced (chopped finely)--hence the name mince pie or minced meat pie. Other ingredients included fruits (dates, raisins), vinegar and/or wine, and suet. 

Nineteenth century recipe books and newspapers offer many examples of Victorian-era mincemeat pies--and many other minced meat dishes. Peering into kitchens of yore through their recipes sheds so much light on how our great-great grandmothers lived! Some of their methods may surprise you (I still wonder how their methods diminished food-borne illness.) After all, mincemeat apparently took all day to make and required at least 24 hours to sit before sending to table. Cooks made batches so enormous they would keep all winter by virtue of their alcohol content, cool temperatures, and the magic of fermentation.

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian America. A good cook knows her mincemeat! Edwardsville Intelligencer, 1870
Edwardsville Intelligencer of Edwardsville, IL, June 1870.

Through the centuries, mince pies became a Christmastime staple in English-speaking countries and were banished in an attempt to thwart paganism in Christmas celebrations. Outlawed foods and parties couldn't be silenced. By the 19th century, mince was back, fully entrenched in the hearts of Englishmen. Americans embraced the tradition of mincemeat pies no matter where they began.

 

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian America. What's More American than Mince Pie? From the New York Tribune, published in The Watertown News of Watertown, WI, January 24, 1872.
I'm not sure how I'd feel, had I read this article back in 1872. The manager's comment leaves me uneasy: "Age don't hurt our mince-pies--they are good a year old."

Just as cheese is milk's leap into immortality, so is a mincemeat's edibility ensured for months to come.

Victorian Mincemeat Ingredients

By the time Victoria reigned, mincemeat pies had at least 500 years to slowly morph. The traditional rich filling now included spices like cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, mace, allspice and rose water. Wine had given way to brandy and cider. Temperance recipes expressly called for cider instead of liquor. Fruits minced into the filling included apples, raisins, currants, citron, lemons, and oranges. Some ingredients, like suet, remained a significant inclusion. Now, instead of mostly meats, recipes called for one-third to one-half meat to two-thirds or one-half fruit. With the increase in fruit-to-meat ratio and the addition of refined sugars, mincemeat had become far more of a dessert dish than a main course. But don't forget the mincemeat pies in nineteenth-century America still contained meat. Far more than today's commercial mincemeat's nod toward beef.

Vintage Mincemeat Recipes

Imagine how long it took great-great grandma to whip up a batch of mince pies? Reading these instructions, I see hours of labor. Notice the last line of paragraph one: "This will fill twenty pies." Not all at once, of course. This filling would be stored in a cool place, packed into stone jars. Some vintage recipes instruct cooks to cover the mincemeat surface with paper soaked in brandy, or to simply tie down fabric coverings. Others employed jar lids.

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian America. Mince Pies recipe and instructions from 1851 publication, The American Matron on Practical and Scientific Cooking by a Housekeeper.
Mince Pies recipe from 1851 publication: The American Matron on Practical and Scientific Cooking by a Housekeeper

Many 19th century mincemeat recipes start with a fresh beef tongue or two. Others start with a beef heart. Many recipes (a.k.a. receipts) suggest any lean beef will do. After boiling to fully cook and tenderize, the meat is minced fine along with all sorts of good things.


This American Civil War-Era recipe (1864) for Mincemeat (and storage of prepared mince) appeared Poetical Cook Book by Maria J. Moss. Note the recipe calls for a beef heart or fresh tongue.

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian America. Mincemeat recipe from Poetical Cook Book by Maria J. Moss, 1864.
Mincemeat in Poetical Cook Book by Maria J. Moss, 1864.

Mincemeat Sold Commercially, Victorian U.S.A.

With the quantity of hours required to make homemade mincemeat, no wonder many cooks turned to commercially available products. Vintage newspapers throughout the American Victorian-era show how readily available mincemeat was at markets in cities and rural frontiers alike.

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian America. Mincemeat Sold commercially: 3 examples (from mid-nineteenth century newspapers) of advertisements for prepared mince meat.
It's curious, at a time when contamination and adulteration of food was unregulated, well-known, feared, and sickened (and killed) people, that Americans would embrace a product like factory-made mincemeat.

Victorian Factories Crank Out Mincemeat

None Such (a brand still around today) advertised in 1896 the labor-saving ease of their "very finest, purest and cleanest materials."

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian America. None Such Mince Meat, Factory Made. Advertised in Record-Journal of Meriden, CT, April 23, 1896.
None Such Mince Meat, Factory Made. Advertised in Record-Journal of Meriden, CT, May 1896.

Mail Order Mincemeat

The 1897 catalogue from Sears, Roebuck & Co. (No. 104) sold both Challenge Brand Mince Meat (wet) put up in quarter barrels or pails of various sizes (including glass pails) and a dry mince meat preparation by Richelleu.

Kristin Holt | Mincemeat: Victorian American. 1897 Sears, Roebuck & Co. Catalogue offers Challenge Brand Mince Meat for sale.
Two brands of mince meat sold in the 1897 Sears, Roebuck & Co. Catalogue (No 104).
 

Invitation

Do you have fond memories of Grandma's Mincemeat Pie?

Have you baked a mincemeat pie?

Comments are welcome! Please scroll down and contribute.

Related Articles

Kristin Holt | Thanksgiving Dishes in Victorian America


Kristin Holt | Victorian-American Christmas Figgy (or Plum) Pudding Recipes


 

Kristin Holt | Nutmeg and Victorian Baking
 
Kristin Holt | Victorian America's Thanksgiving Recipes

Kristin Holt | Croquettes: Economic Victorian Dining
 
Kristin Holt | Old West Mason Jars

Kristin Holt | Economical Victorian Housekeeping

Copyright Ⓒ 2021 Kristin Holt LC

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

COUNTING DOWN

Post by Doris McCraw
writing as Angela Raines

Photo property of the author
We are on a countdown to the days getting longer, Christmas and a New Year. It can be a busy stressful time. It can also be a source of joy, love, and friendship. So let's countdown the days.

The day this post goes live is Dec. 18. three days before winter officially begins and the days will start getting longer. On Dec 18, 1860, the Rocky Mountains News had this piece of news:

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December 19: Daily Mining Journal, Black Hawk, CO 1865

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Dec 20: Rocky Mountain News, Denver, CO. 1869

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Dec. 21: Colorado Daily Chieftain, Pueblo,CO. 1872

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Dec. 22: Colorado Transcript, Golden, CO. 1875

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Dec 23: Colorado Springs Gazette, 1876

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Dec.24: Boulder News and Courier, 1880

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Through the years, the Holidays have been celebrated in many ways with each group of people bringing their own special ways of making the time special.

I enjoy reading the newsprint of those days gone by. In many ways, it brings a connection to all those who came before and who will come after.

From December 25 to January 1 we continue to prepare by keeping our warm holiday thoughts as we prepare for the coming year. While I don't make resolutions not have goals. Instead, I have intentions for my continued journey on this planet.

I wish everyone a wonderful season and a prosperous New Year. And just in case you think I don't write about the season, the story, "Gift of Forgiveness" is about what is most important to me; love and forgiveness. In this scene, the hero, John, has stopped by the widow Nettie Hascall's home and is telling her two children a story. Here is the short excerpt:

 "You are staying for dinner, aren't you John?" Albert asked.
"Yes, please stay," Ila added
"How can I turn down such a lovely request; that is if it is okay with your mother."
"We would be honored," Nettie responded, heading into the kitchen to start the meal. Walking away, she heard John telling the children some story about a mule. Fascinated, she turned around to listen.
"Well, it seems this mule was acting sick, so the owner decided to do something to make it feel better. Of course, you know mules, it decided that it didn't want anything to do with the medicine, so it jerked away and ran down the road a few blocks."
Nettie could see the two devouring every word. John did have a way with telling stories. Nettie smiled at the joy on her children's faces. Nettie still mourned Jacob, but she and the children needed to move on with their lives.
"So what happened?" Ila asked, eyes wide with interest.
"Wouldn't you know it, the mule just ran those few blocks and then passed out," John paused, looking from Albert to Ila and back again. "The folks all gathered around making suggestions. One person said they should twist his tail."
"How would twisting his tail help?" Albert questioned, a perplexed frown furrowing his brow.
"I doubt it would either, in fact, it didn't, so the next person said to give him flour, and still, another said to use gun powder and on and on came suggestion after suggestion."

What a story John was weaving. Nettie found herself grinning as she listened. Even she wanted to know what was going to happen.  
Purchase from Amazon

Wishing everyone a wonderful Holiday and a prosperous New Year.
Doris Gardner-McCraw
Author, Speaker, Historian-specializing in
Colorado and Women's History
Angela Raines - author: Where Love & History Meet
Angela Raines FaceBook: Click Here



Friday, January 1, 2016

Victorian New Year Celebrations


Happy New Year!

As we all say goodbye to 2015 and welcome 2016 on this day, I can't help but reflect on the tidbits of historical fact I've gathered about how our great-great-grandparents and their contemporaries marked the holiday.




Traditions during the American Victorian Era at the holiday of New Year's were most different than today. Contemporary Americans enjoy a federal holiday, time off work (for many but not all), and many holiday parties are held on New Year's Eve, not on New Year's Day (at least when it comes to starting time). Anyone who attended a New Year's Party last night probably had a celebratory drink... or several. Alcohol, in 2016, is a big part of New Year's. Not so in the Victorian period.


"In the late 1880's the great New Year's rite was not a big party the night before, but quieter customs on the day itself. During the '70s single gentlemen armed with fancy calling cards went on a round of visits to ladies of their acquaintance, aided by local newspapers, which printed long lists of damsels who would be "at home" to such callers. But by 1880, bachelors had so abused the custom ("This is my 47th call!" shouted one swain on the run) that it died of social disapproval. married men, however, continued to observe the day, either by taking their families to fancy restaurants or going calling en famille-- a practice that, like bachelor calling, did not always fall within the bounds of etiquette."


In the mid- to late-Victorian American Era, it was fashionable for the ladies and children of the families-- including young males under age ten-- to remain at home to receive callers. The men (especially eligible bachelors) were expected, at least by social niceties, to make calls on the families who had marriageable daughters. These New Year's calls were considered good luck and a favorable portent for young women hoping to make a love match in the New Year. Most calls would last from noon 'til six only so the evening could be reserved for family dinner celebrations and dinner parties. Yet, this quote originating in Godey's Lady's Book suggests calls didn't necessarily end by six in the evening. In fact, it appeared that local customs dictated when the insanity of a constant stream of well-wishers could end.


PROPER CALLING

"Ladies expecting calls on New Year's should be in readiness to receive from 10 a.m. to 9 p.m. Upon calling, the gentlemen are invited to remove overcoat and hat, which invitation is accepted unless it is the design to make the call very brief. Gloves are sometimes retained upon the hand during the call, but this is optional. The call should not exceed ten or fifteen minutes, unless it is mutually agreeable to prolong the stay. The ladies should have a bright, cheerful fire and a table, conveniently located in the room, with refreshments, consisting of fruits, cakes, bread and other food, such as may be deemed desirable. No intoxicating drinks should be allowed."

IMPROPER CALLING 

"Disagreeable callers are the husband and wife who come with a child and a small dog; the husband making himself familiar with the hostess, the dog barking at the cat, the child taking free run of the house, while the wife, passes around the room, handling and examining the ornaments.

Some evening callers make themselves odious by continuing their visit too long, and even when they have risen to depart they lack decision to go but will stand several minutes before taking final leave, and then when wraps are on, will tell one more story while the hostess protects herself as best she can from the incoming gusts of wind and storm, sometimes thus taking a cold that ends in death. When the guest is ready to go-- go."


Bachelors did not need an invitation to call on a young lady on New Year's Day. A calling card would do. Well-to-do gentlemen would commission unique and special holiday calling cards, sometimes with best wishes for New Year's emblazoned across them and occasionally with the man's portrait behind a peek-a-boo flap. This image is of a standard Victorian-Era calling card.
Image of Victorian Calling Card compliments of Old Design Shop
If you've ever toured a museum-house, you'll know entry halls would often situate a silver tray on a credenza for calling cards on "At Home" days, including occasions such as New Year's.

Unfortunately, not all dinner party guests were invited. Prior to the late 1880's, it was most common for fashionable families to post in the newspaper that they would be receiving guests. A buffet would be laid out so their visitors might enjoy a bite to eat (a full meal). In the late 1880's party crashers (for lack of a better term) would see the notice in the paper and pay a call to the hostesses-- strangers, uninvited, and hungry. By 1890 this pattern of announcing one's Open House had drastically changed.

No wonder so many well-to-do husbands took their wives and families out to supper. Restaurants often provided special fare specific to the holiday.
Palmer Restaurant (Chicago) Dinner Menu, New Year's Day (January 1st) year 1885

I'm sure plenty of families dined at home, whether by tradition, expectation, financial capacity, to avoid the weather or avoid crowds. This menu for New Year's was posted in the Pittsburg [sic] Dispatch, Pittsburgh, PA, December 25, 1892:


Looks like a LOT of work to me. In fact, the menu offered in Pittsburg Dispatch includes instructions that run two and one-half columns. Despite my love for all things Victorian, my family will dine in 2016 style. Our traditional favorites are pizza, cheese ball and crackers, favorite holiday treats and goodies, etc.

What about you?
What part of a Victorian New Year's Celebration intrigues you?
How have you (or will you) celebrate the New Year? 

Happy New Year!
Thank you for spending a few minutes with me today.
Wishing you and yours a most joyful and healthy 2016.



Related Blog Posts by Kristin Holt:
 
Kristin Holt | Victorian-American New Year's Etiquette

 



Kristin Holt is the author of ten Sweet (clean) Victorian American West Romances, including 3 soon-to-be-released titles. 
Coming tomorrow (1-2-16) and Monday (1-4-16) [LESSIE: BRIDE OF UTAH and JOSIE: BRIDE OF NEW MEXICO, two books within the American Mail-Order Brides Series]. Book #10 [WANTED: Midwife Bride] arrives on 2-9-16 but it's available for preorder NOW.

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Copyright © 2015-2016 Kristin Holt, LC

Monday, December 28, 2015

Furnaces and Hot Water Heaters . . .

View off my back deck.
It's cold outside. Like, really cold. And there's a ton of snow. It's been a few days since our huge storm, and the snow is still piled up on our deck as though it just fell.

My husband likes to go out and take walks in the mornings. He just came in, his cheeks red, his lips a little frosty. I sent him in to go take a warm shower. Within minutes, he was back, looking much better.

This is just one of the many things I'm grateful for in this modern age - we have indoor plumbing, warm water, and furnaces. Many houses are still equipped with fireplaces, but those are mostly to supplement our furnaces or even just to decorate, and we aren't dependent on them for our heat or cooking.

Back in the day, on a morning like this, if my husband wanted a warm bath after a walk, first would come the task of collecting enough water. It's cold enough outside that the water would probably be frozen over, and that might put a halt to the idea right there.

Photo courtesy of http://www.txindependence.org
Saying it was possible to get the water (probably by hacking at the ice with an ax), it would then be melted in a pot and then poured into the bathtub. Filling even a small tin bathtub like the one pictured would take several pots of water. In fact, just talking about it is wearing me out - sorry, honey. You'll just need to use a pitcher and washbasin. Much easier.

And I can't even imagine what it would be like trying to do laundry in those conditions. It was hard enough to do laundry back then - hauling the water, heating it, then scrubbing it in a huge tub against a washboard, often with caustic soaps. But when water was even harder to obtain because of the weather? It must have been a nightmare.

Photo courtesy of http://www.oldandinteresting.com
I found this painting depicting wash day in Finland. If she falls through the ice while rinsing out her husband's socks . . . yeah, that would be pretty bad. I imagine that housewives begrudged every bit of laundry that went into their baskets and winced every time one of their children smeared jam on their shirts. My laundry room is heated, and I never even have to touch the water. I'm feeling so particularly spoiled right now.

Yes, I might think that driving through snow is a pain and I might dislike paying the heating bills. Winter's not an easy season. But I'm sure glad I'm not trying to survive winter like the pioneers had to. Although, I admit that taking a sleigh ride does sound like an awful lot of fun.
***
Amelia C. Adams' most recent releases are Hope: Bride of New Jersey and Tabitha: Bride of Missouri. You can learn more about Amelia at her website, and Happy New Year!